Shock absorber



March 18 1924. 1,487,524

J. J. BAMBACH SHOCK ABSORBER Filed Feb. 12. 1923 2 Sheets-Shet 1 JJ BamZach,

WITNESSES AITORNEY J. J. BAMBACH Margh 18 1924.

SHOCK ABSORBER Filed Feb- 12 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 JJ Bamac/a;

ATTORNEY WITNESSES Patented Mn. 18,1924.

warren sures JOHN J. BAKBACH, F WILKES-BABBErENNSYLVANIA.

SHOCK ABSORBER.

Application filed. February 12, 1928. Serial no. 618,649.

To all whom it may-concern:

Be. it known that 1, Joan J. Between,

Wilkes-Barre, in the county of Luzerne and- State of Pennsylvania, have invented new and useful Im rovements in Shock'Absorbers, of which t e following is a s ecification.

This invention relates to shoe absorbers for vehicles, and embodies amongst other no features, a cylinder ada ted to be supported by the axle of the vehic e, and in which cylinder operates a piston supported by the frame of the vehicle, the cylinder containing fluid in passages which allows the fluid to move from through the cylinder at opposite sides of the piston incident to the reci rocatory motion of the latter, with the uid ofiering a resistance to the m'ovement of the iston in a manner to prevent shocks and jB-IS of the mmning' car being transmitted to the body of the ve 'cle.

The nature and advantages of the invention will be better understood when the following detailed description is read in connection with the accompanying drawings, the invention residing in the construction, combination, and arrangement of parts as claimed.

In the drawings forming part of this epplication, like numerals of-reference indicate similar parts in the several views, and wherein a Figure l'is a fragments. view of a vehicle showing the manner 0 en porting the shock absorber forming the su ect matter of the present invention.

Fi re 2 is an enlarged fragmentary sectiona view. of the shock absorber..

Figure 3 is an end elevation with the phig removed from the c linden.

igure 4 is an enlar vertical sectional view through the cy er.

Fi re 5 is a detail view of the used for c osing the lower end of the cy er.

Figure 6 is a' detail view of the piston and piston rod, the piston being shown in section.

Fi 7 is a sectional view taken on the line --7 of Figure 2.

Referring to the drawings in detail, 10 indicates the cylinder of the device forming the subject matter of the invention, and projecting from one side of this cylinder at an appropriate point in its length is an exten- 25 men ,11 having a spherical end portion 12 which is adapted a accommodate itself to a socket 13 associated with the axle 14 of the vehicle. The cylinder is provided with a reduced upper end portion 15 which is hollow to receive packing of any suitable character indicated at 16, and this end of the cylinder is closed by a acking nut 17, which is threaded on the reduced extension 15. Operating within the c linder is a pistion 18 which is interiorly t readed as at 19 to accommodate the threads 20 on the lower end of the piston rod 21, the rod terminating to provide a s herical end portion 22 adapted to be fitte in a socket 23 carried by the frame of the vehicle. The piston rod 21 operates through a bushing 24 which is arranged in the reduced portion 15 of the cylinder, and also passes through the packing 16 as will be readily understood.

eposing upon the packing 16 and positioned within the reduced extension 15 is a packing land 25, while interposed between the Ian 25 and the packing nut 17 is a coile sprin 26. When the-packing nut '17 is screwed own in position, the spring 26 is of course tensioned, and this automatically takes up an wear on the packin 16. The lower end 0 the cylinder 10 is c omd by a plug 27 which is threaded into the lower end of the c linder as shown. From the construction t us far described, it is apparent that incident to the relative movements of the running gear and body of the vehicle, the piston 18 and cylinder 10 are moved in opposite directions and in order to regulate the movements of the piston 18, with a view of absorbing the shocks and jars of the running gear incident to the travel of the machine over irregular surfaces, I provide the construction to be presently described.

In carrying this idea into efiect the cylinder 10 is provided with spaced bores or passages 28 which have their lower extremities arranged substantially in the same horizontal plane, while their upper extremities terminate different distances from the top of the c linder as shown; Ari-an ed in the lower end of the cylinder and eac of these bores is an adjusting screw 29 which is pointed, and which can be adjusted to regulate the size of the openings of the bores 28, and in this manner control the resistance offered to the piston 18. In addition to the bores 28, the cylinder is provided with an no through the additional bore 30 which opens into the u per end of the cylinder, and also into t e cylinder at a slight distance below the transverse center thereof as indicated at 31, and this bore communicates with a transverse bore 32 arranged adjacent the upper end of the cylinder. The communication between the bore 30 and the bore 32 is controlled by a ball valve 33 which, is normally held seated b means of a spring 34 arranged in the bore 30, one end of the spring aring against a plug 35 which closes the adjacent end of this bore. The cylinder is further provided with a bore 36 which opens at the lower end of the cylinder but normally closed by means of the adjusting valve 37, the bore 36 communicating with a lateral bore 38 at a point immediately adjacent the bottom thereof. The bore 36 0 ns into the cylinderas at 39 at a oint slig lftly beneath the adjacent end of ti? pose to be presently described. The cylinder is 'ada ted to contain fluid which flows through the bores from one to the other side of the piston as the latter is reciprocated I in a manner which ofi'ers resistance to the piston for the purpose of checking and cushionin the shocks and jars which would be otherwise transmitted to the running gear from the body of the vehicle. v

The piston is arran ed at the bottom of the cylinder after which the cylinder is partly filled with fluid, such as oil .or glycerine, and the piston occupies a. sition in the center ofthe cylinder when t e machine is at rest. When a car is in motion and running over uneven ground imparting reci rocatory motion to the flpiston as will readily understood, this uid. is transferred from one side of the piston to the other for the purpose above mentioned. As the iston is moved downwardly in the cylin er, it forces the fluid from beneath the through the ports 28, 30, and 36, the ball valve 33 being forced from its seat to allow the fluid passin through the bore 30 to reenter the cylin or through the assage 32. After the piston passes the end 31 of the bore 30, it closes the bore 30, whereupon the valve 33 is r'eseated under the influence of the sprin 34. When the end 31 of the bore 30 is c osed, the piston is still spaced from the bottom of the c. linder, and as it continues to move tower the bottom, the oil being forced through a less number of bores offers greater resistance, and hel s to check the downward movement of the piston for the purpose stated. The oil passi through t ese bores reenters the c linder a jacent the top thereof, so that it is again utilized to retard the upward movement of the iston. When the piston is moved upwardly in the cylinder, the fluid is forced bores just mentioned and reenters the cylinders on the underside of the e bore 31 for a purpiston mamas piston. As the' iston asses the end 39 of the bore 36, it c oses t liquid is forced through a. less number of is bore, so that the bores and in this manner ofl'ers greater reportion of the piston rod 121 are covered by a rubber sleeve 40, one end of which is secured to the packing nut which is reduced, secured to the piston rod. This protects the piston rod from dirt and other foreign matter. As the sleeve is of flexible material it will readilg act with the movements of the iston r0 hile it is believed that from the foregoing description, the nature and advantages of the invention will be readily apparent, I desire to have it understood that shown and described. and that such chan may be resorted to when desired as within the scope of what isclaimed.

What I claim is: j 1. A {shock absorber for vehicles co prising a fluid containing cylinder adapted to be secured to the axle, a iston operating therein and including a r secured to the frame of the vehicle, said cylinder having longitudinal bores opening into-the cylinder adjacent the ends thereof, whereby said fluid is transferred from one side of the all having the bores 28 terminatedo not limit myself to what is herein' piston to the other as the piston reciprocates,

the corres onding lowerextremities of certain of said bores lying substantially in the same plane, and the upper extremities of the latter mentioned bores the top of the cylinder specified. Y

2. A shock absorber for vehicles comprising a fluid containin cylinder adapted to be secured to the a. e, a piston operating therein and including a rodsecured to the frame of the vehicle, said cylinders having longitudinal boresopening into the cylinder for the purpose adjacent the upper ends thereof, whereby. .said fluid is transferredfrom one side of I piston reciprothe piston to the other as the, cates, the upper ends of said bores be' s aced different distances from the top 0 t e cylinder, and means for regulatin the entrance of the fluid into the lower on s of said bores for the purpose s ed.

3. A shock absorber for vehicles com ris ing a fluid containing linder sec to the axle, a piston operating in. the cylinder and connected to the frame of the vehicle, said cylinder having bores opening into the cylinder adjacent the ends thereof, whereby said fluid is transferred from one side of being stepped from the piston to the other as the piston is rethe cylinder, one of the latter mentioned ciprocated, means for re latmg the en'- bores opening into the cylinder at spaced trance of the fluid into t e lower ends of oints, and a normally closed valve control- 10 the said bores to vary the resistance ofl'ered ing the communication at one of said points.

5 said iston as described, other bores opening In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

into t e cylinder adjacent the center thereof 4 and adapted to be closed by the passing of JOHN J. BAMBACH. 

